Ͽ Ͽ ũٸƼ ȭϱ⡻ , , ð ƮĹ 缺Ѵ. ٴ뼺 ٴ ħ ҵ ̸ ϰ ð ȯ Ѵ. ״ ð ϸ鼭, ٴ뼺 ٱ ϴ ߿ϴٰ Ѵ. å ũٸƼ ̷ ǽ 10 Ű Ѵ.
ũٸƼ(Dipesh Chakrabarty, 1948 )
. 1948 ε Ĺ ÿ ĶĿŸ ¾. ĶĿŸб Į к ģ , ε濵ҿ 濵 , ٽ ٲ 1984 ƮϸƱб ڻ Ҵ. īб а īб̷м͡ а ϰ ִ. 뵿 縦 ٽ ϱ: , 18901940(1989), ȭϱ: ƮĹ ̡(2000), ٴ뼺 ó: Ͽ ̾ ̵须(2002), ȯ: ڵγƮ 縣ī (2015) Ⱓ߰, ڽź(2000), Ĺ Ϳ ƮĹ : ε Űź(2007), ٴ뼼迡 е须(2015) ߴ.